So a quick google reveals that VirtualBox has a utility to migrate the VDI files it uses.
VBoxManage.exe internalcommands converthd -srcformat VDI -dstformat VHD "original.vdi" "new.vhd"
Well blow me over with a feather if it didn't work first time, once I'd added a new machine in Hyper-V and pointed it at the VHD